D. M. Pozar, Microwave Engineering, 4th ed., network analysis chapters
Two-port voltages, currents, impedances and scattering descriptions.
RF-03
Course overview
Two-port networks: port variables, Z, Y, h & ABCD
Derive network parameters from physically defined port voltages and entering currents. Begin with power references and Kirchhoff checks, then build impedance/admittance, hybrid and chain representations before reciprocity, loading, cascading and measurement.
5/5available
Prerequisites
- CT-01 — circuit theorems
- AC-01 — phasors and impedance
- RF-00 — transmission lines
Learning goals
- Define signed port variables before deriving network parameters.
- Derive multiport matrices from Kirchhoff's laws.
- Test reciprocity and passivity using absorbed power.
- Connect two-port models to RF measurements.
Syllabus
Two-port networks: port variables, Z, Y, h & ABCD
Derive network parameters from physically defined port voltages and entering currents. Begin with power references and Kirchhoff checks, then build impedance/admittance, hybrid and chain representations before reciprocity, loading, cascading and measurement.
- 01→
Two-port references, currents and power
Define real electrical ports, keep both currents entering positive voltage terminals, derive absorbed complex power and a reciprocal π-network Y matrix with signed loading and independent power checks.
200–260 min · Intermediate → advanced · available - 02→
Z and Y matrices from open/short experiments
Obtain impedance and admittance coefficients under controlled port conditions, derive a reciprocal π-network from KCL, invert the matrices, and verify signed power and loading.
220–280 min · Intermediate → advanced · available - 03→
Hybrid h and inverse-hybrid g parameters
Choose mixed port variables, derive the h and g matrices from Z/Y by elimination, preserve both entering-current signs, and verify a reciprocal π-network with explicit port power.
210–260 min · Intermediate → advanced · available - 04→
ABCD transmission matrices and cascading
Derive the signed chain convention from entering port currents; convert Z to ABCD, construct series/shunt blocks and line sections, test noncommutative cascade ordering and reciprocity with independent Kirchhoff power checks.
220–280 min · Intermediate → advanced · available - 05→
Reciprocity, passivity and RF network measurements
Audit reciprocity and power using Hermitian Z/Y forms; derive the gyrator counterexample, peak-normalized incident/reflected waves and S-matrix passivity, then interpret calibrated VNA measurements.
230–290 min · Advanced · available
Primary references
References
All matrix identities are tied to a declared terminal-current sign convention and specified assumptions.
R. E. Collin, Foundations for Microwave Engineering, 2nd ed.
Rigorous multiport sign conventions, reciprocity, matrices and power.
E. A. Guillemin, Introductory Circuit Theory
Kirchhoff-based linear circuit and two-port analysis.